Improvement in rendering and refining lard, oils



n l A. BROADNA'X. i RENDERING AND REFINING LA RD, UIL, am,

PAT-ENTED SEPT.. 1 1868.

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@nitro grottes "titten-:t @Hirn Letters Patent No. 81,744, dated September 1,1868.

IMPROVEMENT 1N RENDERING AND NEPINING'LARD', o ILs, et@

. Be itkfnown .that I, Anus BnoADNAzr, .of Mont`7Cs'i-feounty of Essex, und Stateot New Jersey', doing business at 1'61 Broadway, New York city, have inventedfeertain new and useful Improvements in the Art of Rendering and Refining Fnttynnd Oily Mutter; and I de hereby declurethe following to bo a. full, clear, and exact description of thc some, reference being had to 'the onnc'nedfglrayving 'making purtofthis specicution, in Vwhich-`` Figure 1 illustrates a transverse section through the furnace vamil steeui and water-specc of a; common Cornish boiler, and n' vertical section throughs super-heater upplied'to said boiler, and also vertical sectlon through a. tight rendering-tank; the boiler being sll'own'by A B, the superheoter by E El,.and the tank by H. `Ii'ig1 1x-e 2 illustrates what is known as a-jacket-tank, to'be used in place of the tank H, A representing the inside tonk'aud B the entsideone,- the steam, heut, or water, Vbeing introducedin the space between .the two. Figure 3 illus-trates a. front clevotion of a. common wagon-boiler, shown vby`A, vertical section throughs, superheater, shown by'E D, n. Yerticol section through s. .close rendering-trink, shown by Land u, vertical scction through u. refining-still, shown by.-.] K, all'oi'.yrhich methodiillbrat dihfnli Parts-0f F.YiFVeltO-n, and

modes of applying the seme i To cnnbleothers skilled in the arts to whichimy invention nppertoins' tomale und use the ssme, I will proceed to describe the construction and opcretion'o'f the v'riousparts upbcrtuining thereto, and themariner in which they ercapplerlto use.` i.

l I'f'ii'g. Softhe drowin g, Arepresentgns'l have beforestcte inor-rwageusboilor, connected, by `means of a. pipe, B, to a superheuter, shown by E D. This superlieeter consistsot'.'n cylinlrical` drum, filled with tubes, und set into u brick chenber else cylindrical, overs covered furnace constructed with ues radiating from the inside circumferencethereof, to the'inside circumference of the brick chamber inwhich thetube-drum is placed-substantially in the mnn'nershown.

From the 'sufperlxeater there is o, pipe, l5, le:1.ding` to the, digester I, in which lthe fat orothor matter is put t-obe rendered or otherwise 'trcoted, said digcster to` be. provided witho. fuls'efbottoin, Vsind the usuel mun-holes, through which it iste be iill'ed and disc l1s rged,`and with'alpipc, C, tocerry -thcstergnil und offensive gos in the pipe H', which surrounds the furnace, and is provided with'jet-pipes t'o throw it into thc fire, in the inunner shown. l i

In epernting this apparatus, the ste-:unis generated in .the boiler A, a.'nd carried fromtherc to the superbeatcr, wherait is. highly heated, und from whence'it passes into the digcster throughthe fet, end out through thepi'pc C into the lire.. The pressure iu theboi-ler or generator A shouldbelow, just high enough to carry the caloric forward out of the superheater, through the fatin the digesterrend the ppe'G should'bc kept open, or partially open, so us to insure a. continuallow of the superh'eated-stecni through the fut. i

In rendering fut by steam after the old method, it is necessary .to curry a. high pressure to get the hecessnry temperature to melt the fet vThis pressure injuresl the fat, spoils the scrap, cndongcrsthc uppratusond makes it dillicult 'or impossible-to consume orleodorize the offensive gases. I 'Ihesc obstuclcsI overcome by superheat-ing the stoim in o. seperate superheetcr en its way li'om the boiler or gcnerntor tothe digester, the superbeuter, acting es a magazine of caloric, which I enrry over tothe digester by blowing or passing the 'steam through-it. For the stcu'm, however, there may be substituted e blast ofnir, which will eecorn'plish` the seme result, I think, quite ns well, or better.

In construct-ing the apparatus, the superheater must be nrrengcd, in relation to the lire, so este i'nsure thc necessary temperature, withoutollowing there to im'pinge against it.

This object I accomplish by p utting-thenupcrhca'ter in o. brick chamber, over a. coveredfurnace, constructed to threw the caloric up around it, and'through it, ywthoutimpingin'g on it. The construction of -the furnace is i' .In fig, lof the druwingis shown a. modification of my'invention, di-i'ering from thc one lost described ini f tbatthe superheaterEFis arranged directly over :tn ordinary Cornish'boiler, witl1 a. Hue, D,.1eading from the digester or distiller by a blast'or current of steam or air, substantially es described.

bottom of it directly dorm through thewater-space to the furnace, the iiue being fitted with a damper to regw late the admission of heat to the superheater, substantially Ain the manner shown.

In this arrangement the steam is carried directly from the steain-space B of the boiler to the superheater, through the pipe C, and froin thence through the pipe G to the digester H, the same as in theease of the figure last described, the principio and mode of operation boing substantially the same.

In iig. 2 of the drawing there is shown a double or jac'ket ligester,'the fat being put into the-inside one A, 'and the snperheated steam through the pipe Din the jacketl D, the offensivo steam and -gas being draiyn o ut through the pipe C, to the fire, as before stated indeseribingfig. 3, and the digester being in this'casesupplicd with the usual manholes, plates, and ugounting'sl,.thronglh which the matter to be treated is introduced and discharged: v

In Figure 4- of the drawing there is shown areiining-digester, K, being a cylindrical drum, filled with tubes,-which drum is putin a second drum,-J. This reiiner is for the purpose of distilling or refining petroleum oil, or other similar matter. i

The operation is as follows:

The oil is put in the tube-drum through the, funnel Q, and the superheated vsteam is'applied through the pipe P, theI same as in the case of the figures hereinbefore described, and the temperature is raised high enough' to vdistill the oil over through the pipe N, to a condenser, which may be ofthe ordinary constructionfthe refuse oil being drawn out through the cockiO, and the steam out of the superheater through tbe pipe L.

By these means petroleum eau be distilled and reiined by steam without pressure, and without danger of fire, or the distiller may be set as far from the furnace or [ire as .may be desired.

In operating this invention the' superheater should in all cases bc supplied vwitlra thermometerto measure the heat going into the digester or still.

Having nerr described the nature and operation `of my invention, claim'as new herein, and des-,ire to secure by Letters Pat ent-,

1; The use of e steam-superheater, in combination with a steam-boiler or generator, anda rendering-digester or distiller, and in `which the temperature can be regulated, for the purpose of rendering fat or'distilling oil by superheated steam or air, substantially as described. I v l 2. Rendering, refining, or distilling fat or otheroleaginous matter by steam or air, superhcated in a separate superheater, on lits way from the boiler or generator to the digester containing the fat or oil.

3. Superheating steam or a'ir in a magazine or. chamber, C, and carrying said steam or air'over into the AMos BROADNAX.

Witnesses EDWARD P. FLINT, Persa D. KENNY. 

